{"id":5008,"date":"2025-09-07T14:15:10","date_gmt":"2025-09-07T07:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/?p=5008"},"modified":"2025-12-25T23:33:18","modified_gmt":"2025-12-25T16:33:18","slug":"chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"Chlamydia: A Comprehensive Overview"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Chlamydia is one of the most common <a href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/stis-hieu-biet-va-phong-ngua-cac-benh-truyen-nhiem-qua-duong-tinh-duc\/\">Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) <\/a>worldwide, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is preventable and curable, spreading mainly through unprotected vaginal, oral, and anal sex.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung trang<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#1_What_is_Chlamydia\" >1. What is Chlamydia?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#2_Epidemiology_of_Chlamydia\" >2. Epidemiology of Chlamydia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#3_Routes_of_Chlamydia_Transmission_1_6_9\" >3. Routes of Chlamydia Transmission [1, 6, 9]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#4_Symptoms_of_Chlamydia_169\" >4. Symptoms of Chlamydia [1,6,9]<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#42_Symptoms_in_Women\" >4.2. Symptoms in Women\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#43_Symptoms_in_Other_Locations\" >4.3. Symptoms in Other Locations<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#5_Risk_Factors_for_Chlamydia_Infection_169\" >5. Risk Factors for Chlamydia Infection [1,6,9]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#6_Complications_169\" >6. Complications [1,6,9]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#7_Diagnosis_789\" >7. Diagnosis [7,8,9]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#8_Treatment_789\" >8. Treatment [7,8,9]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/chlamydia-a-comprehensive-overview\/#9_Prevention\" >9. Prevention<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_Chlamydia\"><\/span><b>1. <strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"2\">What is Chlamydia?<\/span><\/strong><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ast-node-id=\"3\">Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can occur in both men and women, caused by the bacterium\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-ast-node-id=\"4\">Chlamydia trachomatis<\/span><\/i><span data-ast-node-id=\"5\">. It can infect sites such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"6\">The urethra (inside the penis \u2013 the tube that carries urine out of the body).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"7\">The cervix (in women).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"8\">The rectum.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"9\">The throat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"10\">The eyes (conjunctivitis, especially in newborns due to mother-to-child transmission).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ast-node-id=\"11\">Although it often has no clear symptoms, if left untreated, Chlamydia can lead to serious and permanent complications for reproductive health.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3989\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3989\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3989\" src=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Vi khu\u1ea9n chlamydia\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/vi_khuan_chlamydia_35efa8e492.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3989\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Chlamydia c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhanh n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Epidemiology_of_Chlamydia\"><\/span><b>2. <strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"12\">Epidemiology of Chlamydia<\/span><\/strong><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ast-node-id=\"13\">Chlamydia is the most reported STI globally, affecting millions of people each year.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li><strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"14\">According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [1]:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"15\">An estimated 129 million new Chlamydia infections occurred globally in adults aged 15\u201349 years in 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"16\">According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [2]:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"17\">In 2023, over 1.6 million cases of Chlamydia were reported in the United States. The incidence rate was nearly 500\/100,000, with the highest-risk group being adolescents and young adults, particularly those aged 15\u201324, who accounted for 55.8% of total cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"18\">In Vietnam [3, 4, 5]:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"19\">Studies and reports in Vietnam show that Chlamydia is one of the common STIs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"20\">The estimated general prevalence rate among adults infected with Chlamydia is 2.3%; in reality, the rate may be higher due to limited survey data and the omission of many asymptomatic cases, as well as incomplete sample collection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"21\">According to statistics from worldpopulationreview.com, the number of Chlamydia cases in Vietnam in 2021 was approximately 2,600.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"22\">The prevalence rate of Chlamydia in high-risk groups (such as female sex workers, men who have sex with men-MSM) can be up to over 20%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"23\">There is a high rate of co-infection between Chlamydia and gonorrhea, as well as an important finding in a 2022 study in Hanoi on the HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) program reporting a Chlamydia prevalence rate of up to 20.4%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ast-node-id=\"24\">Screening for Chlamydia in pregnant women and high-risk groups remains a challenge, leading to a high risk of mother-to-child transmission and long-term complications.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Routes_of_Chlamydia_Transmission_1_6_9\"><\/span><b>3. <strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"25\">Routes of Chlamydia Transmission [1, 6, 9]<\/span><\/strong><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ast-node-id=\"26\">Chlamydia is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual contact with an infected person. The main routes of transmission include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li><strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"27\">Vaginal, Anal, or Oral Sex:<\/span><\/strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"28\">\u00a0These are the most common routes of infection, leading to Chlamydia infection in the genitals, rectum, or throat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"29\">Mother-to-Child:<\/span><\/strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"30\">\u00a0Pregnant women with Chlamydia can transmit the bacteria to their baby during childbirth, causing eye infections (conjunctivitis) and pneumonia in newborns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"31\">Direct Contact with Secretions:<\/span><\/strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"32\">\u00a0Although less common, direct contact with infected secretions (e.g., infected hand touching the eye) can also cause infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3877 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Duong-lay-truyen-lau1-1-e1757229250184.png\" alt=\"Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh chlamydia\" width=\"692\" height=\"711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Duong-lay-truyen-lau1-1-e1757229250184.png 692w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Duong-lay-truyen-lau1-1-e1757229250184-292x300.png 292w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Duong-lay-truyen-lau1-1-e1757229250184-600x616.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chlamydia is not transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, kissing, or sharing toilets, bathtubs, towels, or dishes&#8230; because the Chlamydia bacteria are fragile when outside the host cell and are quickly destroyed by common disinfectants.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Symptoms_of_Chlamydia_169\"><\/span><b>4. <strong><span data-ast-node-id=\"34\">Symptoms of Chlamydia<\/span><\/strong> [<\/b><b>1,6,9]<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chlamydia is often called the &#8216;silent disease&#8217; because the majority of infected people (about 70% of women and 50% of men) do not have any obvious symptoms. This makes early diagnosis and infection control difficult. When symptoms do occur, they usually appear days to weeks after exposure to the bacteria.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3991\" src=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chlamydia-symptoms-e1757229021131.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chlamydia-symptoms-e1757229021131.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chlamydia-symptoms-e1757229021131-300x250.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chlamydia-symptoms-e1757229021131-1024x854.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chlamydia-symptoms-e1757229021131-768x640.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chlamydia-symptoms-e1757229021131-600x500.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"1\">4.1. Symptoms in Men<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"2\">In men, symptoms, if present, are usually related to the genitourinary tract, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"3\">Dysuria (Painful Urination):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"4\">\u00a0Stinging, pain, or a burning sensation when urinating.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"5\">Discharge from the Penis:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"6\">\u00a0Milky white or clear discharge that may contain pus, often scant and hard to notice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"7\">Itching or Discomfort at the Urethral Opening (Meatus, Urinary Opening):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"8\">\u00a0Urethritis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"9\">Testicular Pain or Swelling:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"10\">\u00a0Usually only affects one testicle (epididymitis), less common.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Symptoms_in_Women\"><\/span><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"11\">4.2. Symptoms in Women<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"12\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"12\">Women often have no symptoms or have mild symptoms that are easily mistaken for other gynecological infections, bladder inflammation, or a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Symptoms include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"13\">Dysuria (Painful Urination):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"14\">\u00a0Stinging, pain, or a burning sensation when urinating.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"15\">Increased Vaginal Discharge:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"16\">\u00a0Discharge may be yellow and have a foul odor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"17\">Itching or Burning Sensation:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"18\">\u00a0In and around the vagina.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"19\">Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"20\">\u00a0Bleeding between menstrual periods, after sexual intercourse, or heavier than normal menstrual flow.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"21\">Lower Abdominal or Pelvic Pain.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"22\">Pain During Sexual Intercourse (Dyspareunia).<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"43_Symptoms_in_Other_Locations\"><\/span><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"23\">4.3. Symptoms in Other Locations<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"24\">Chlamydia can infect and cause symptoms in many other locations besides the genitals, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"25\">Rectum:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"26\">\u00a0Rectal pain, discharge, bleeding, or anal itching.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"27\">Throat:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"28\">\u00a0Chlamydia infection in the throat is often asymptomatic, but may cause a sore throat, pharyngitis, or swollen lymph nodes in the neck.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"29\">Eyes:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"30\">\u00a0Conjunctivitis (red, itchy eyes, discharge), often occurring due to self-inoculation from the hands or mother-to-child transmission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Risk_Factors_for_Chlamydia_Infection_169\"><\/span><b>5. <strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"31\">Risk Factors for Chlamydia Infection<\/span><\/strong> [<\/b><b>1,6,9]<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"32\">Factors that significantly increase the risk of contracting Chlamydia include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"33\">Having Multiple or New Sexual Partners:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"34\">\u00a0A higher number of partners or new partners with an unknown sexual history will increase the risk of exposure to an infected person.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"35\">Inconsistent and Correct Condom Use:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"36\">\u00a0Condoms are an effective measure to prevent Chlamydia transmission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"37\">History of Other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"38\">\u00a0Having had other STIs may increase the likelihood of contracting Chlamydia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"39\">Sexual Contact with a Partner Known or Suspected to Have Chlamydia.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"40\">Belonging to the Young Age Group (15\u201324 years old):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"41\">\u00a0This age group has the highest incidence of Chlamydia infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"42\">Men who have sex with men (MSM).<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Complications_169\"><\/span><b>6. <strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"43\">Complications<\/span><\/strong> [<\/b><b>1,6,9]<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"44\">If not diagnosed and treated promptly, Chlamydia can cause serious and permanent complications, affecting reproductive and overall health.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"45\">In Women:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"46\">Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"47\">\u00a0The infection can spread to the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, causing chronic abdominal pain, infertility, and an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"48\">Infertility:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"49\">\u00a0Permanent damage to the fallopian tubes can prevent the egg from meeting the sperm.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"50\">Ectopic Pregnancy:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"51\">\u00a0A fertilized egg develops outside the uterus, which can be life-threatening.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"52\">In Men:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"53\">Epididymitis:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"54\">\u00a0Infection of the tube that holds the testicles, causing pain and swelling. In some rare cases, it can lead to infertility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"55\">Urethritis:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"56\">\u00a0Chronic urinary tract infection can cause chronic pelvic pain, and prostatitis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"57\">Other Complications:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"58\">Reactive Arthritis (Reiter&#8217;s Syndrome):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"59\">\u00a0Some people may develop arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis after Chlamydia infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"60\">Increased Risk of HIV Infection:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"61\">\u00a0Chlamydia infection can increase the likelihood of contracting or transmitting HIV.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"62\">In Newborns:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"63\">Conjunctivitis (Eye Infection):<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"64\">\u00a0Serious eye infection that can lead to blindness if untreated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"65\">Pneumonia:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"66\">\u00a0Lung infection in newborns.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Diagnosis_789\"><\/span><b>7. <strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"67\">Diagnosis<\/span><\/strong> [<\/b><b>7,8,9]<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"68\">When any suspicious symptoms are present, it is necessary to promptly visit reputable healthcare facilities for testing and early diagnosis. Early treatment increases the chance of a complete cure and minimizes dangerous complications. Chlamydia diagnosis is usually performed through the following tests:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"69\">Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs):<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"70\">As an NAAT method, PCR testing for Chlamydia has high sensitivity and specificity, making it the gold standard for diagnosis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"71\">It can be applied to various types of specimens such as: vulvar, vaginal, cervical, urethral discharge and urine, and throat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"72\">It can also simultaneously test for Chlamydia and gonorrhea, as well as some other STI agents in the same specimen.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"73\">Other Tests:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"74\">\u00a0Although less common, some other methods such as cell culture or enzyme immunoassay (EIA) may also be used.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"75\">Screening for Other STIs:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"76\">\u00a0Chlamydia infection carries the risk of concurrent gonorrhea infection, as well as other sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, HIV, etc.), so early screening is recommended.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Treatment_789\"><\/span><b>8. <strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"77\">Treatment<\/span><\/strong> [<\/b><b>7,8,9]<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"78\">Chlamydia can be completely cured with antibiotics. Timely and correct treatment according to the regimen is very important to prevent complications and spread. Oral Doxycycline remains the preferred and effective drug for Chlamydia infection today. For pregnant women, Doxycycline is contraindicated and should be replaced with oral Azithromycin.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"79\">Important Notes on Treatment:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"80\">Do Not Self-Treat:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"81\">\u00a0Self-medication or non-adherence to the regimen can lead to treatment failure and increased risk of drug resistance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"82\">Partner Treatment:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"83\">\u00a0All sexual partners within 60 days before diagnosis also need to be tested and treated to prevent reinfection and spread of the disease.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"84\">Avoid Sexual Intercourse:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"85\">\u00a0Patients should abstain from all sexual activity until both they and their partner have completed treatment and the symptoms have completely disappeared (usually 7 days after the single-dose antibiotic or after completing the 7-day course).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"86\">The majority of post-treatment infections are not due to treatment failure but rather reinfection caused by the partner not being treated or starting sexual activity with a new infected partner. Post-treatment follow-up is very important to ensure the disease has been completely cured and to detect early cases of reinfection:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"87\">Retesting is required after 3\u20134 weeks of treatment in pregnant women.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"88\">All patients, including pregnant women, who have been treated for Chlamydia should be retested about 3 months after treatment, regardless of whether they believe their partner has been treated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"89\">Counseling and Education:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"90\">Patients need to be counseled on the importance of informing and treating their sexual partners to avoid reinfection and spread.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"91\">Education on STI prevention measures, including correct and consistent condom use.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"92\">Encouragement to be tested for other STIs if at risk, as having one STI increases the risk of contracting others.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Prevention\"><\/span><b>9. <strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"93\">Prevention<\/span><\/strong><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"94\">Chlamydia prevention is key to controlling the spread of the disease and protecting individual health. Effective prevention measures include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"95\">Practicing Safe Sex:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"96\">Consistent and Correct Condom Use:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"97\">\u00a0This is the most effective measure to prevent the transmission of Chlamydia and other STIs during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"98\">Limiting the Number of Sexual Partners and Avoiding Sex with New Partners of Unknown History:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"99\">\u00a0Reducing the number of partners will reduce the risk of exposure to an infected person.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"100\">Do not share sex toys<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"101\">, if you do, they should be thoroughly cleaned, and a condom should be used before use.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"102\">Timely Screening and Treatment:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"103\">Regular STI Testing:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"104\">\u00a0Proactively check and test your health and your partner&#8217;s health regularly to detect sexually transmitted diseases early. Especially if you have multiple partners or are at high risk, get tested for STIs regularly, including Chlamydia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"105\">Chlamydia Screening for Pregnant Women:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"106\">\u00a0This is an extremely important measure to prevent transmission to the newborn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"107\">Immediate Treatment:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"108\">\u00a0If you or your partner are diagnosed with Chlamydia, seek immediate treatment and adhere to the doctor&#8217;s regimen.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"109\">Education and Awareness:<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstList\">\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"110\">Open Discussion with Your Partner:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"111\">\u00a0Discuss your STI history and testing before sexual intercourse. Proactively choose safe partners and agree with your partner on the use of protective measures during sex.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\"><strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"112\">Raising Awareness of Sexual Health:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"appsElementsGenerativeaiAstAnimated\" data-ast-node-id=\"113\">\u00a0Understanding STIs and how to prevent them is crucial.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This article is written by <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/doi-ngu\/ths-bs-andy-nguyen\/\">BS. CKI. V\u00f5 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Ho\u00e0<\/a><\/strong>, a specialist in General Surgery, Urology, and Andrology, to provide fundamental knowledge about Chlamydia, its transmission methods, recognizable signs, the importance of early diagnostic testing and treatment, as well as effective prevention. It helps you understand correctly to proactively protect your health and the community.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><b>Reference<\/b><\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[1]. Chlamydia. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/chlamydia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/chlamydia<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[2]. National Overview of STIs in 2023. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sti-statistics\/annual\/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sti-statistics\/annual\/summary.html<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[3]. B\u1ec7nh do Chlamydia Trachomatis<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dalieu.vn\/benh-do-chlamydia-trachomatis-d3386.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/dalieu.vn\/benh-do-chlamydia-trachomatis-d3386.html<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[4]. STD Rates by Country in 2021 &#8211; worldpopulationreview.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/std-rates-by-country\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/std-rates-by-country<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[5]. Routine testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea in an HIV preexposure prophylaxis program in Hanoi, Vietnam: implications for low- and middle-income countries &#8211; PubMed. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40334065\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40334065\/<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[6]. About Chlamydia<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/chlamydia\/about\/index.html#cdc_disease_basics_testing_screening-testing-and-diagnosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/chlamydia\/about\/index.html#cdc_disease_basics_testing_screening-testing-and-diagnosis<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[7]. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/treatment-guidelines\/STI-Guidelines-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/treatment-guidelines\/STI-Guidelines-2021.pdf<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[8]. Updated recommendations for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum (syphilis), and new recommendations on syphilis testing and partner services<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/378213\/9789240090767-eng.pdf?sequence=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/378213\/9789240090767-eng.pdf?sequence=1<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[9]. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 5169\/Q\u0110-BYT 2021 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh Chlamydia Trachomatis<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/The-thao-Y-te\/Quyet-dinh-5169-QD-BYT-2021-huong-dan-chan-doan-va-dieu-tri-benh-Chlamydia-Trachomatis-494083.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/The-thao-Y-te\/Quyet-dinh-5169-QD-BYT-2021-huong-dan-chan-doan-va-dieu-tri-benh-Chlamydia-Trachomatis-494083.aspx\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chlamydia is one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) worldwide, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is preventable and curable, spreading mainly through unprotected vaginal, oral, and anal sex. 1. What is Chlamydia? Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can occur in both men and women, caused by the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":4889,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[184,179],"class_list":["post-5008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-bulletin","tag-chlamydia","tag-sti"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5008"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5010,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5008\/revisions\/5010"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdhealth.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}